America s Struggle For Democracy Essay - 1912 Words

As stated in The Struggle for Democracy, the U.S. is a representative democracy, also known as a republic (). In this system of government, unlike a direct democracy in which all citizens vote on all public matters, elected representatives govern the people. The U.S. system consists of three separate governing branches, executive, judicial, and legislative, which all hold checks and balances on one another. These checks and balances were meant to ensure the U.S. would be as democratic as possible and prohibit one branch from gaining too much power. Throughout America’s history, the system has predominantly been a success. In the world today, the United States is looked upon as a bastion for democratic principles. The U.S. State Department itself ardently embraces the lofty goals of promoting democracy around the world, assisting those in foreign lands who wish to establish democracies, and denouncing regimes that deny citizens their rightful ability to conduct and participate in free, fair, and transparent elections (). Americans at large also support democracy enthusiastically. A myriad of citizen ardently proclaim the U.S.’s democratic ideals and the freedoms they allow qualify the U.S. to be the greatest country in the world. While parts of this is true-the U.S. is indeed a global advocate of spreading democracy and Americans enjoy many freedoms not privy to citizens living under repressive regimes such as Saudi Arabia or Pakistan-the American political system as a wholeShow MoreRelatedThe Concept Of American Democracy1699 Words   |  7 Pages Democracy is perhaps the most elusive concept of all times. But if there has to be something more elusive, it will surely be the concept of American democracy. In 1858, Abraham Lincoln is known to have written:  ¨As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master †¦ This expresses my idea of democracy. Whoever differs from this, to the extent of the difference, is no democracy. ¨ The initial understanding of American democracy takes the form of an antithesis of English colonialism and slaveryRead MoreAmerican Foreign Policy After The Great Depression1390 Words   |  6 Pagesand socially challenging home front crisis of the Great Depression kept American citizens and politicians busy with domestic policy. Additionally the disillusionment of people with WWI caused America to avoid war at all costs. However, the rising threat of fascism in Europe forced America to defend democracy and help its allies. The first shift was seen when foreign policy in the 1920s had moved to isolationism in large part due to WWI. WWI in the eyes of the American people had been an extremeRead MorePoverty And The American Dream933 Words   |  4 Pagestrying to find a way to get out. The Inequality gap in America has increased for the past few decades. Resulting from Economic Inequality in America, 400 Americans share more than 50% of America’s total wealth. These 400 Americans are the Top 1%. While the Top 1% are living luxurious lives, the Bottom 99% is struggling to make ends meet. Inequality is nothing new to the United States. In fact, it is a serious problem for America’s Economy, Democracy and the Middle Class. Economic Inequality is the thingRead MoreThe President Is Responsible For Shaping Foreign Policy768 Words   |  4 PagesMoriah Riley American Government II Professor Garrison May 5, 2016 Forced Democracy The president is responsible for shaping foreign policy. He meets with leaders of other nations to solve problems and make peace. He, or she, meets with foreign ambassadors and negotiates treaties and personally find agreements. The Constitution states that the president signs treaties with other countries that are participating in the foreign policy. The Senate has the power to ratify treaties but 2/3 vote is requiredRead MoreStruggles and Setbacks of Developing Democracies in Latin American Countries 1477 Words   |  6 Pagesto remain oppressed throughout history and stand on a slippery slope towards democratic reform of their national governments. The impeded development of democracy in these countries is much derived from Spanish empirical forms, reigning from the colonial era in which Spanish conquistadores implemented the first forms of government in Latin America based off of the authoritative structure of power that was brought over seas and applied in the â€Å"new-worldà ¢â‚¬ . (Zabludovsky, 1989) explains how theoriesRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union s Sphere Of Influence1611 Words   |  7 PagesThe public s fear of the destruction of mankind at the hands of two rival, nuclear powers was manifested in American dystopian fiction written during the Cold War. Suspicion of the Soviet Union s communist intentions combined with the possibility of military catastrophe (Kissinger, 15) inspired novelists to document the complex relationships between The United State and Russia, democracy and communism, and man and technology. The Cold War era as depicted in dystopian novels of the time wasRead MoreThe Impact of the Cold War on Developing Nations Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesearly 1940’s to late 1990’s. United States wanted to flex its political muscle and try to curtail the spread of Soviet Communism in the developing nations. Most of the nations in developed world had already made their political and socio-economic stand regarding the form of governance and leadership pursued. Underdeveloped nations in Asia, Latin America and Africa were still vulnerable and easily influenced in terms of ideologies and political direction. Most nations in Latin America like ChileRead MoreLangston Hughes : Black Poets Impact On African American Literature857 Words   |  4 Pagesis literature written from African descents that focused on the early time to recent time movements. Early as the 1700’s and late as the 1900’s where African American literature was in progress. Poetry was a substa ntial part of African American literature, because black poets talked about culture, racism, slavery, and equality rights. Black poets expressed their views, struggles, and influenced others at times in several movements in African American literature. Langston Hughes stood as a literaryRead MoreThe Segregation Of The South1386 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans to promote change. WWII was fought to keep the world safe for democracy. The Nazi’s were looking to promote their ‘pure’ race and to take over all that they could. That, and what happens in the near future, the Holocaust, goes against all that democracy stands for. Yet, in the country of America, there was the Jim Crow laws and the obvious racism in the North. How would America fight for democracy when in the country there was racist regulations just like Nazi Germany? This paradoxRead MoreAmerica s Essential Documents Of America1644 Words   |  7 Pagesthere s ever been, and it’s true we’ve had some pretty terrible presidents. But those weaker presidents didn’t leave a lasting impression on our country. Only those presidents that were strong and stood for or against something are remembered and studied. This doesn’t just apply to presidents, but to any great men. As great men or women come into our society and make a difference we all grow as a natio n and every nation is different depending on its history. The United states of America has grown

The Effects of Globalization on Cambodia Essay - 888 Words

Globalization is defined as the act of creating connections between countries across the globe in terms of culture and economy. Almost on every part of the world, citizens have become a part of the global village. Even though various researches stated that there are negative effects of globalization for particular reasons, the positive impacts were clearly shown to be stronger especially in developing countries such as Cambodia. To begin with, tourist travel is one of the main negative impacts of Globalization as it is able pose a serious threat on the society as a whole through the act of human trafficking. According to an article on Iris Cambodia, the fastest growing criminal industry across the globe is no doubt: human trafficking.†¦show more content†¦For instance, many teenagers in Cambodia are influenced by the Korean culture through their music and fashion. An article on CNN stated that South Korea has now become the Hollywood of the East as their Korean Wave has spread and influenced almost all of Asia and a number of the Western countries through entertainment over the last ten years. (Farrar, 2012) The majority of those being influenced too strong by foreign culture are not aware that their actions can lead to culture loss. However, merging different cultures together can as well bring positive effects as it can benefit each nation by creating stronger bonds between them. Immigrants have brought their traditions, beliefs and languages to different parts of the world, bringing various cultures together. Through this, the citizens in each nation can learn to understand and accept the differences of their cultures. The influence of foreign businesses can also bring cultures together. For instance, companies introduce their national dishes to different countries such as pizzas from Italy and burgers from the US which now has become very popular among global villages. Furthermore, different traditions of each culture are mostly introduced by events such as weddings. Decades ago, people in Asia only wore their national wedding wear on their weddings but it now has become a norm for Asians to wear white wedding gowns and black tuxedoes as well despiteShow MoreRelatedForeign Language Literacy And Its Effect On The Culture Of Cambodia1554 Words   |  7 Pagesgrowing economy of Cambodia. This industry is supported by the widespread literacy of various foreign languages that was adopted from their neighboring countries and its former colonizer. French was introduced to formal education during the independence period in 1960s. Currently, the second phase Upper Secondary Education curriculum requires 4 lessons of either English or French. Visitors in Cambodia do not only come to see the natural assets and historical sites of Cambodia but they also enjoyRead MoreCambodi The Khmer Empire1564 Words   |  7 PagesCambodia officially once known as the Khmer Empire is a country located in the southern section of peninsula in the Southeast Asia. It is bordered by the neighboring countries like Thailand to northwest and Vietnam to the east, with a current population of 15 Million +, making the 69th on the most populous country in the world. The current most practiced religion is Buddhism conceiving 95 percent of the population. The capital and largest city of Cambodia is Phnom Penh, the political, economic, andRead MoreThe Implementation Of Neoliberal Policies1334 Words   |  6 PagesSolidarity network, â€Å"In 1995, the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) came into effect, under which quotas were phased out in four stages over a ten-year period and eliminated on January 1, 2005.† (The Maquila Solidarity N etwork, Multi-Fibre Arrangement). In 2005 the multi Fiber Agreement was eradicated and many developing countries were worried about how this would affect their economy. In Countries such as Cambodia, apparel is considered to be the starter industry, due to the fact that there areRead More Trafficking Essay1005 Words   |  5 Pagesinto labor, especially into the sex trade, are children, most of which are women, at an estimated 1 million children per year (Kristof, pg. 9). There is a large amount of violence and abuse involved in sex slavery, many times leading to death. Globalization seems to have played a major role in the rise of sex slavery and the sex trade but has also played major roles in efforts to stop it. There has been speculation that the way that human trafficking has been constructed over time is a major problemRead MoreEssay about Thailand ´s International Trade Policy1368 Words   |  6 Pagesregional market integration. Thailand aims to capitalize on trade agreements by networking and entering partnership with neighboring countries. Currently, Thailand’s cross-border trade in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) plays a crucial role in globalization, because it facilitates rapid and convenient trade and investment. Countries seek new export markets to disperse the risk of domestic market concentration, as evidenced by the economic recessions affecting many developed countries, such as theRead MoreThe First Modern Geographer Of The World1206 Words   |  5 Pagesround, and it showed geography of each part of the world. Moreover, whatever that they studied, it is the advantage to human at present. Nowadays, geography helps human to understand the places in many parts of world. In addition, it makes a word â€Å"globalization† happen, because people around the world communicate to each other; to do business, trading, or using social media; although, they stay at opposite side of the world. In history of many countries, there are history about trading and it showedRead MoreModern Day Slavery And The Second Largest International Organized Crime Industry2733 Words   |  11 Pagesorganized crime industry. It brings in billions of dollars annually. Often human trafficking can be defined as the forced or coerced movement of people across national borders as well as within countries. Due to the increase of cultural and economic globalization, human trafficking sky rockets every year. Common areas victims are trafficked to parts of Asia, Europe and North America. Within the human trafficking sector, there are three major subsets. Sexual trafficking, Labor trafficking, and Organ traffickingRead MoreEnglish Globalisation Assignment : Slaves Of Fashion Essay999 Words   |  4 Pagesit.† In 1995 10-year-old children were working for Nike; manufacturing footballs in Cambodia and Pakistan. In Cambodia, fake ID’s can be bought for about $5 USD. The lack of backgroun d checks and birth certificates allow companies to claim negligence and turn a blind eye. This type of behavior allows children to be taken advantage of, which is all ok as long as Nike makes a profit, right? Let’s talk about the effect of Nike on the workers and the country that hosts the factories. Not all of it isRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Global Age1616 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is an ongoing process which involves increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the global age. Globalization is complex, yet it includes almost â€Å"everyone, everything, and every place, in innumerable ways† (Ritzer, 2011:12). Globalization has connected the world and as a result has connected an interdepended world, where countries are integrated more than ever. Thus, a significant outcome of globalization is the development and use of Multinational companiesRead MoreDeveloping an Annotated Bibliography1642 Words   |  7 Pageson businesses and productivity versus burrowing little creature globalization activists worries over disparity and social ills. By building a center ground between micro and macro examination and illuminating spe cialized wording, this brief and open book will be a significant reference for all no masters. GLOBALISM VERSUS REGIONALISM the end years of the twentieth century are prominent for the extension and developing of globalization. It basically alludes to the on-going financial, fiscal, innovative

Democracy in America Free Essays

The Formation of American Identity Morgan Hersha IAH 201 Professor Emily Conroy-Krutz February 21, 2013 Americans pride themselves on their nation and its achievements, but most of all, their freedom. â€Å"Nothing is more wonderful than the art of being free, but nothing is harder to learn how to use than freedom. † It is a blessing to live under such a great constitution and we as citizens should be knowledgeable about where, when, and how it all it began. We will write a custom essay sample on Democracy in America or any similar topic only for you Order Now People are who they are because of the experiences that they have been through throughout their life. This is the same case for America. The United States has formed its identity through experiences, both good and bad. After a long history of both conflict and peace, the United States formed as a union influenced both by European cultures and Native American culture. It all started when Christopher Columbus set sail and him along with the Europeans colonized to America. The Europeans brought their culture and ideas with them. We Americans just like any culture like to pass on our traditions to the generations to come. The things that I have learned in this class have tied into things today, or at least their origin. The shared history and culture that was developed is still evolving today. During the colonial and revolutionary periods of American history, Native Americans, wars, and European culture all impacted what it meant to be American, and its identity. Native Americans contributed to American identity tremendously. Early American settlers developed many skills that they learned from the Native Americans such as agriculture, language, and even governmental structure. Without the Native Americans it would have been difficult for colonists to be successful and survive. The colonists played a role like a tourist, and the Native Americans acted as guides. Native Americans depended on trade, and they shared this strategy with the colonists. Europeans would send things such as fur in return for things such as guns and salt. The French trading company was set up. It was thought the Native Americans receive civilization and Christianity, while the Europeans receive labor and land. This was obviously extremely unfair and the colonists were highly upset over this. The colonists were practically raised by the Native Americans, but once they were able to stand on their own two feet, they took a stand to the Native Americans due to their frustration. During the colonial times of America, multiple wars took place in order to get rid, or displace the Native Americans. During this time the Native Americans were treated horribly. It was their homeland and it was being taken from them, and some were even taken in as slaves. The colonists started to build on the Connecticut River Valley, but the only thing stopping them was the Pequots. At this time is when the colonists and Native Americans decide to unite against the Pequots, starting the Pequot War in 1637. The English set fire to a fort, which burned down the whole thing leaving about 5 survivors. The English believe that their easy victory meant that God was on their side. The English wanted to adopt the women and children and bring them into their own tribes and convert them into Christianity. The Wampanoag Indians did not want to live by the moral code of the Puritans. Massasoit was chief of the Wampanoag, he then died and Wamsuette took over which is when things began to fall apart. The sudden death of Wamsuetta was believed to be the cause the King Phillips war in 1975-1976, said to be the bloodiest war in history. During this war 5,000 Native people did, and Phillip retreated home. Many people argue over the justification of taking the land of the Native America. â€Å"It was a solemn sight to see so many Christians lying in their blood, some here and some there, like a company of sheep torn by wolves. Some say that the colonists came there to express their religion and gain wealth, while others see the colonists as cruel and unfair people. Today Native Americans, or Indians, have been given reservations, or land in order to repay them for what had been taken from them. There is much controversy on what else the Indians receive, but the United States is putting in some effort to justify what they had done. What is warfare? According to Websterà ¢â‚¬â„¢s Dictionary, warfare is the process of military struggle between two nations or groups of nations. Warfare is a part of just about every nation’s history. What influenced the American Revolution? There were a series of events that impacted the way Americans thought and gave them courage to rebel. The Haitian Revolution put thoughts in the Americans head to become free when the slaves rebelled and took Haiti from the French. By 1770’s about 1/5 of the British Empire was made up of Americans. The Sugar Act and Stamp Act were both two occurrences that made the colonists extremely angry, and after mass rioting the act was repealed. Britain came up with the Townshend Act, which placed import on glass, paint, paper, lead and tea. To enforce the act the British would use blank search warrants and search any building for any reason. The colonists became very upset and scared. As a result of this there were many outbreaks, which led up to the Boston Massacre. With many civilians being killed during the Boston Massacre, this is when the people start to realize that Americans need to be independent. The Americans start to make homespun clothes and homemade food and tea, which starts to bring patriotism, which makes it easy to put together a military. The French come to aid of the Americans by providing cash to help defeat the British. The American Revolution had major impacts. Examples of these impacts include things such as independent states with a centralized government, decentralized colonies to independent states with a central government, formation of a constitution, and separation of church and state, and the restriction of slavery. This American Revolution plays a very crucial role in who we are as Americans today. The last major impact on American identity is the influence that the British had on the Americans. The United States continues to be dependent on the British for culture and other things showing that America as a nation still followed Britain. Manufacturing has not yet been developed so the Americans are still depending on England to get their goods. America starts to take off when Jedidah Mose, a minister from Connecticut, creates an American geography for classroom use. The Europeans eventually do not have local knowledge about America and start asking for information. Goods start being carried on American ships, which is a symbolic change as a new point in history of the US. America is a land of wonders, in which everything is in constant motion and every change seems an improvement. † The point when Americans are seen as free and equal is when the Empress of China, the first US ship to go to China, sets sail. On that same day a ship leaves from New York to go to London, to pronounce peace terms. These actions are not being done by the government, but by merchants, althou gh the people see it as a national action. Americans can now enjoy buying things on their own terms. Americans continue to judge themselves as British, and the English do not respect them. Americans are very eager to always read British reports that are talking about America, and they are very sensitive to this. Americans need to cut ties with British if they want to have their own identity. Between the dates 1810-1830 America shifts between being dependent on the British, and being independent. Native Americans, warfare, and European culture have all been major factors that formed the American identity, and who we are today. Some of our values and trends may have changed throughout the years, but we still hold onto the roots of our culture. It is a blessing to live with freedom, and sometimes people take that for granted. Today, we are just born into the US and we are granted these freedoms, but in the colonial times, they had to fight for it. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Tocqueville, Alexis D. Democracy in America. N. p. : Penguin Group, 2003. Print. [ 2 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"American Empires, Colonies. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 10, 2013. [ 3 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"American Empires, Colonies. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 10, 2013. [ 4 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"Indian Wars and Captivity. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 5 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"Indian Wars and Captivity. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 6 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"Indian Wars and Captivity. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 7 ]. Rowlandson, Mary. The Sovereignty and Goodness of God. N. p. : n. p. , 1682. Print. [ 8 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"French Revolution. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 9 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"French Revolution. † Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 10 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"Tourism, Commerce, and American Identity. †Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 11 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"Tourism, Commerce, and American Identity. †Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. [ 12 ]. Tocqueville, Alexis D. Democracy in America. N. p. : Penguin Group, 2003. Print. [ 13 ]. Krutz, E. Conroy. â€Å"Tourism, Commerce, and American Identity. †Lecture. Michigan State University. January 15, 2013. How to cite Democracy in America, Essay examples

SLA Management and Cloud Computing Amazon Web Service

Question: Describe about the SLA Management and Cloud Computing for Amazon Web Service. Answer: Remote Administration Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Nwobodo, Jahankhani Edoh (2014) stated that for remote administration in Amazon Web Service (AWS), Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is required for accessing Windows-based instances in a secured way. For this to happen, Remote Desktop Gateway (RD Gateway) is deployed on the AWS cloud. RD Gateway utilizes RDP or Remote Desktop Protocol over HTTPS to provide an encrypted and secure connection between the Internet and the remote users on the web to run Windows based Amazon EC2 applications without the need to configure a VPN or Virtual Private Connection (Remote Desktop Gateway Reference Architecture, 2016). AWS provides templates for AWS CloudFormation so that the Child Protection Board can utilize for the deployment or directly launch into the organizational AWS account. Organizations requiring secure remote administrative access to Windows-based Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) applications on the web. For them AWS provide a documentation guideline; which the IT infrastructure person nel can use to better understand the design and RD Gateway infrastructure and deploy in on AWS (Remote Desktop Gateway on the AWS Cloud: Quick Start Reference Deployment - RD Gateway on AWS, 2016). Resource Management As opined Wadia (2016), Asset Management is required for an organization to strategically track and manage its AWS assets for deployment. The strategy would define if the organization is planning to integrate its internal management system with AWS and if asset management capabilities provided by AWS were utilized. To identify, track and control the AWS resources, AWS provides built-in metadata for all of its services. The Child Protection Board can track Amazon EC2 instances with the given metadata by attached storage, snapshot, volume id, 64-bit or 32-bit computer architecture, operating system or AMI (storage by server image). To easily pull resource and service metadata into existing asset management processes and system, AWS resources can be manually or programmatically carried. AWS also enables the customers to implement their personalized tags. Resources can be aged by lifecycle status, environment type, cost center, application version, support team among other categories so that the organization can manage the AWS resource assets efficiently (AWS Operational Checklists, 2016). SLA management SLA or Service-level management is the monitoring and management of Quality of Service, which indicates the performance of an entity. SLA enables the firm to be assured of a certain level of performance, reliability, and stability for the given IT infrastructure. It can be part of policy-based service-level management. The requirement for an SLA to mitigate the risk of downtime by creating alerts, after potential problems, has been identified. AWS provides the SLA offerings "As Is," and that AWS or their licensors or affiliates do not make any guarantees that the customers content, third-party content or the service offered by AWS and its partners will be free from errors, damage, or getting lost. AWS also states that the warranties which are not covered by law are disclaimed from making any implied warranty of non-infringement, satisfactory quality, merchantability while being utilized in a trade (AWS Customer Agreement, 2016). Morad and Dalbhanjans Operational Checklist for Cloud-based Services Checklist Items ? As per data requirements, the type of security and storage has to be selected to be specified by the Child Protection Board. ? The identity management would provide the specific credentials for deploying cloud-based services for data file exchange and payroll solutions. ? Application data must be separately kept from the volume of operating system at Child Protection Board (AWS Operational Checklists, 2016). Application Resilience As stated by Ryan (2015), each application has its characteristics and high level requirements. For the Child Protection Board to meet the costs effectively, AWS delivers few infrastructure building blocks. An effective strategy for a high level would include recovery, monitoring, auto-scaling, load balancing, and redundancy in a region use of various availability zones within a region. Based on the applications risk profile and availability requirement, the critical applications must ensure that all single points of failure are identified. Following are some Amazon Web Services that the organization can utilize for high availability Multi-AZ Amazon RDS for databases that are managed by multiple Availability Zone. Point-in-Time snapshots of Amazon EBS volumes by Amazon EBS Snapshots. iii. Amazon CloudWatch Alarms and Metrics. Scaling and automated instance recovery by Auto Scaling Load balancing across different Availability Zones by Elastic Load Balancing. Running multiple instances of Amazon EC2 in different availability zones (van Vliet, Paganelli, Geurtsen, 2013). Backup and Disaster Recovery Disaster Recovery (DR) requirements are unique to each application which are bound to recovery time objectives and recovery point, and geographical requirements that restrict physical boundary between disaster and primary recovery sites. A DR strategy is only effective when it includes not only how a single application like service or component will recover, but also to ensure that recovery of the application meets the standards. Region-to-region recovery, monitoring, load balancing, global traffic management, regional redundancy are all part of the effective DR strategy at a high level (Nadgowda, Jayachandran Verma, 2013). In the context of a DR plan, the organization can consider few Amazon Web Services and techniques. They are: Archiving data by utilizing Amazon Glacier Using Amazon Machine Image (AMI) Copy and EBS Snapshot Copy across regions iii. For DNS-based regional fail-over, Amazon Route 53 can be used Running new instances, or storing Amazon Machine Images and data in different AWS regions Leveraging Amazon S3s versioning to give protection for the users stored data. Archiving data to Amazon Glacier by leveraging S3 object lifecycle policies (Sengupta Annervaz, 2014). SLA of AWS as outlined by Erls SLA guidelines SLAs of AWS as per guidelines mentioned by Thomas Erl are: Service Commitment According to Amazon EC2 SLA (2016), Amazon states in its SLA that it will provide reasonable efforts to Amazon EBS and Amazon EC2 available commercially with the monthly uptime percentage being at least 99.95%, during billing cycle of every month. The SLA also states definition for unavailability and availability for Amazon EBS and Amazon EC2 and mentions Service Credit is a dollar credit. Service Credit can only be received if the user submits a claim by opening a ticket in the AWS Support Center (Garg, Versteeg, Buyya, 2013). Service Credit The user or the organization will receive Service Credit if it does not meet the Service Commitment of Amazon EBS or Amazon EC2. Service Credit percentage is 10% if the monthly uptime percentage is equal to or greater than 99.0% and less than 99.0% and 30% service credit percentage if the monthly uptime percentage is less than 99.0%. Failure to provide the request or other necessary information will disqualify the user from receiving a Service Credit. SLA Exclusions The SLA mentions that the Service Commitment is not applicable to termination, suspension or unavailability of Amazon EBS or Amazon EC2 account or its related performance issues (Amazon EC2 SLA, 2016). References Amazon EC2 SLA. (2016). Amazon Web Services, Inc.. Retrieved 6 October 2016, from https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/sla/ AWS Customer Agreement. (2016). Amazon Web Services, Inc.. Retrieved 6 October 2016, from https://aws.amazon.com/agreement/ AWS Operational Checklists. (2016). media.amazonwebservices.com. Retrieved 6 October 2016, from https://media.amazonwebservices.com/AWS_Operational_Checklists.pdf Garg, S. K., Versteeg, S., Buyya, R. (2013). A framework for ranking of cloud computing services.Future Generation Computer Systems,29(4), 1012-1023. Nadgowda, S., Jayachandran, P., Verma, A. (2013, December). 12MAP: Cloud Disaster Recovery Based on Image-Instance Mapping. InACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms and Open Distributed Processing(pp. 204-225). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Nwobodo, I., Jahankhani, H., Edoh, A. (2014). Security challenges in the distributed cloud computing.International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital Forensics 9,6(1), 38-51. Remote Desktop Gateway on the AWS Cloud: Quick Start Reference Deployment - RD Gateway on AWS. (2016). Docs.aws.amazon.com. Retrieved 6 October 2016, from https://docs.aws.amazon.com/quickstart/latest/rd-gateway/welcome.html Remote Desktop Gateway Reference Architecture. (2016). Amazon Web Services, Inc.. Retrieved 6 October 2016, from https://aws.amazon.com/windows/resources/whitepapers/rdgateway/ Ryan, M. (2015).AWS System Administration: Best Practices for Sysadmins in the Amazon Cloud. O'Reilly Media, Inc. Sengupta, S., Annervaz, K. M. (2014). Multi-site data distribution for disaster recoveryA planning framework.Future Generation Computer Systems,41, 53-64. van Vliet, J., Paganelli, F., Geurtsen, J. (2013).Resilience and Reliability on AWS. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Wadia, Y. (2016).AWS AdministrationThe Definitive Guide. Packt Publishing Ltd.