Sediment Grain Size Chart for Rocks

Dregs Grain Size Chart for Rocks The grain sizes of dregs and sedimentary rocks involve extraordinary enthusiasm to geologists. Diverse size dregs grains structure various kinds of rocks and can uncover data about the landform and condition of a region from a huge number of years earlier. Sorts of Sediment Grains Residue are arranged by their strategy for disintegration as either clastic or concoction. Substance silt is separated through synthetic weatheringâ with transportation, a procedure known as erosion, or without. That substance residue is then suspended in an answer until it encourages. Consider what befalls a glass of saltwater that has been hanging out in the sun.â Clastic dregs are separated through mechanical methods, similar to scraped spot from wind, water or ice. They are what a great many people consider when referencing dregs; things like sand, sediment, and mud. A few physical properties are utilized to depict dregs, similar to shape (sphericity), roundness and grain size. Of these properties, grain size is ostensibly the most significant. It can enable a geologist to decipher the geomorphic setting (both present and chronicled) of a site, just as whether the dregs was moved there from territorial or neighborhood settings. Grain size decides exactly how far a bit of residue can venture out before going to a halt.â Clastic dregs structure a wide scope of rocks, from mudstone to aggregate, and soil contingent upon their grain size. Inside huge numbers of these stones, the silt are obviously distinguishableespecially with a little assistance from a magnifier.â Silt Grain Sizes The Wentworth scale was distributed in 1922 by Chester K. Wentworth, changing a prior scale by Johan A. Udden. Wentworths evaluations and sizes were later enhanced by William Krumbeins phi or logarithmic scale, which changes the millimeter number by taking the negative of its logarithm in base 2 to yield basic entire numbers. Coming up next is a disentangled variant of the substantially more point by point USGS version.â Millimeters Wentworth Grade Phi (ÃŽ ¦) Scale 256 Rock â€8 64 Cobble â€6 4 Rock â€2 2 Granule â€1 1 Coarse sand 0 1/2 Coarse sand 1 1/4 Medium sand 2 1/8 Fine sand 3 1/16 Fine sand 4 1/32 Coarse sediment 5 1/64 Medium sediment 6 1/128 Fine sediment 7 1/256 Fine sediment 8 1/256 Earth 8 The size portion bigger than sand (granules, rocks, cobbles. furthermore, rocks) is all in all called rock, and the size portion littler than sand (sediment and earth) is on the whole called mud.â Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks structure at whatever point these silt are stored and lithified and can be grouped dependent on the size of their grains. Rock structures coarse rocks with grains more than 2 mm in size. On the off chance that the pieces are adjusted, they structure aggregate, and in the event that they are rakish, they structure breccia.Sand, as you may figure, structures sandstone. Sandstone is medium-grained, which means its sections are between 1/16 mm and 2 mm. Silt frames fine-grained siltstone, with pieces between 1/16 mm and 1/256 mm. Anything under 1/256 mm results in either claystone or mudstone. Two kinds of mudstone are shale and argillite, which is shale that has experienced second rate metamorphism.â Geologists decide grain estimates in the field utilizing printed cards called comparators, which normally have a millimeter scale, phi scale, and rakishness graph. They are particularly valuable for bigger dregs grains. In the research center, comparators are enhanced by standard strainers.

Role of the US President

Job of the US President Who Wants This Job? Government 2305: Educator: John Sutter Understudy: Cathy Lynch Date: March 18, 2015 Who Wants This Job? Okay need to be President of the United States of America, Why? We hear and read political news from the TV, radio, web, exceptional intrigue web journals, news papers and magazines, for the individuals who despite everything read printed copy printed material, and obviously Barbra-shop tattle. In the wake of tuning in to what seemed as though tongue and cheek, all out sorted out mayhem, slandering, mudslinging, political subverting setting party in opposition to party issues against issues, managing a large number of different people’s lives in totality for a long time into the future †¦etc, the famous inquiry appear to be fitting to contemplate, Who needs this activity and why? This exposition decides to research by investigating articles, books, video critiques and narratives of people who may consider being leader of the United States of America. First let’s investigate the requirements so as to become leader of the United States. As per our Constitution, Article II, Section 1, which place negligible prerequisites appear the best spot to begin. The U.S.Constitutionâ€Å"Article II Section 1 Clause 5 communicates â€Å"No Person aside from a characteristic conceived Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the hour of the Adoption of thisConstitution, will be qualified to the Office of President; neither will any Person be qualified to that Office who will not have accomplished the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident inside the United States. (Roland 2008) A little fun reality, on who was the most youthful and oldest president to support USA: Theodore Roosevelt (42 years, 10 months, 18 days) Ronald Reagan (69 years, 11 months, 14 days) (Rosenberg n.d.) Just local conceived U.S. residents (or those brought into the world abroad, however just to guardians at any rate one of whom was a U.S. resident at that point) may serve leader of the United States. Obviously, in the same way as other things there are every once in a while necessities are raised doubt about, for example, latest recent development the potential 2016 presidential applicant Sen. Ted Cruz (R †Texas).† (Trethan n.d.) One of his folks is from another nation Cuba, the other is a local conceived U. S. Resident, but then they lived in Canada where Ted Cruz was conceived making him to groups various citizenships [Canadian, American and Cuban].Would this be a deterrent or an advantage for American if he somehow managed to be chosen as President? As a matter of fact the fact of the matter is our Constitution demonstrates local conceived. Be that as it may, Ted Cruz, isn’t the first, nor the last to have their citizenship addressed. For a model Obama, Kenya or Hawaii? Term limit change as indicated by US Constitution, Amendment XXII, Section 1 sanctioned February 27, 1951 states, No individual will be chosen for the workplace of the President more than twice, and no individual who has held the workplace of President, or went about as President, for over two years of a term to which some other individual was chosen President will be chosen for the workplace of the President more than once. (Hickok n.d.) Be that as it may, there are substantially more for a potential president candidate to be thought of. We Americans are exceptionally requesting. We need what we need, and we need it NOW; on the off chance that we don’t get it, we won’t remain behind the pioneer of the band, [the President]. A genuine model is when Ben commend in was caught; all recognition was given, however then a couple of months not far off, we walked out on the President since we didn’t like what he did on another issue. All things considered, the President is a mouth piece for our nation, the pioneer of the official part of the government of our great nation, the head of state, head of government, the president of our military. He makes laws, has the ability to veto them, a pioneer of an immense economy and atomic armory obligations to realize when to hold and when to overlap, as they sing in the nation and western melody the Gambler. He once in a while needs to bet with people’s lives as well. OK consider the situation of administration as the most remarkable held position an individual could hold on the planet? This activity requires one in capacity to execute of government law, delegate other political official, and legal officials. The president includes in that arrangements with remote forces with the assistance of the Senate, which might possibly be of his own gathering. He’s likewise the individual that takes the warmth when separate forces don’t need to take care of business because of particular vested party commitments, and different temptations. He should be all around associated all together for raising support for crusading, to get chose, reappointed and different uses. He should have the intensity of influence, have toughness. Hello the political field can be severe and strip one deep down and hang them out to dry without a flicker of an eye. Who might and for what reason would somebody put them self and family through such torment? To benefit the country or is there all the more too it? What does the President receive as a byproduct of multi year term of administration? From the earliest starting point of our extraordinary nation’s first constitution to now most pioneers are now rich and set well throughout everyday life and business. So turning into a government chief for the compensation isn’t quite a bit of an inspiration being the president at present gathers the measure of $200.000 $500.000 yearly for administrations rendered, contingent upon the president, obviously. On account of Clinton who marked council to give the administration their first increase in salary since 1969 from $100.000 to $200.000. (Howstuffworks 2000). That appears to be a great deal to us normal pay workers doesn’t it? However, on the off chance that you consider their costs, and all they are required to do, even with a bu siness ledger of $50,000.00, that sum doesn’t go extremely far. In reality they make more than that in their private existences of business. So what’s the inspiration to become President? There’s free lodging in the most excellent best all around kept house in the country, the white house; boundless access to Camp David, Travel and meet with significant, powerful individuals and other country pioneers. Yet additionally remember, they are risking their lives without fail, despite body watches nonstop and wherever they go. They live under a magnifying lens as well; additionally one can never satisfy everybody. There is continually something preparing, conspiring and constantly an issue to fix and enhancements to be made on the off chance that they can get the restricting party to involve. They have the heaviness of the World, Our Nation, Congress, Constituents, also their very own family upon their shoulders. At the point when the president chooses to resign they get some lifetime and some time confined advantages. Be that as it may, they do have a choice to surrender these advantages and administrations. Post administration, how right? Facing everyday life in the wake of being a president has its prize framework well set up. The United States have had eight presidents meet their downfall while in office. Four of those were killed, (Abraham Lincoln, James Garfield, William McKinley and John Kennedy). One president surrendered (Richard Nixon), and two presidents were arraigned, (Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton), however not indicted. (2000Josh Clark). When in doubt most presidents serve one to two †multi year terms; at that point either get reappointed, crushed or resign. Living in such power under a magnifying instrument some resign out of the open lime light. Other’s benefit from their distributed and appropriated diaries, some engage in discourse circuit, and some use their differentiation toward business improvement, as Jimmy Carter is known for being the best post president. Be that as it may, not all post presidents get out from open eye, rather they may keep on pushing ahead by being designated into the House of Representatives or Supreme Courts. As in the early occasions, the withdrawing presidents would just pat upon the back, given an Atta kid; when the Former President Act (government law) was assisted by Congress in 1958 this demonstration was to give a yearly benefits of $25,000. Of later, as per an article posted on the About News site post president’s pay and pay comprise of the receipt of a few lifetime benefits which qualifies them for: Yearly benefits A yearly annuity of $400,000 which is equivalent to the official head level I. Notwithstanding their companion who likewise gets a yearly annuity of $20,000., giving they don't acknowledge extra advantages. This advantage start quickly upon the emptying their presidential position. Staff and office costs †Transitional store, are named for uses of abandoning the workplace accessible as long as seven months (It covers office space, staff remuneration, correspondences administrations, and printing and postage related with the change). Anyway notwithstanding the transitional store, there is likewise income accommodated the withdrawing president’s private staff and office on account of the Administrator of General Services Administration. Clinical consideration or medical coverage Post presidential is qualified for clinical treatment in Veteran’s emergency clinics on account of Management and Budget Office charges are limited by interagency rates. Two-term presidents have a choice to buy clinical protection gave by the Federal Employee Health Benefits Program Mystery Service protectionâ€Post presidential and their relatives use to be qualified for a lifetime of mystery administration security. At that point when Clinton was post president the SSP were just for a long time. Be that as it may, current president Obama marked enactment reestablishing lifetime protectionin 2013 for him and other post presidential. (Longley 2014) We have secured a great deal concerning why anybody would need to be president, yet we hadn’t referenced anything about their political angles, admirations and objectives to advance our nation into all

Its Business Time A List Of Warren Buffett Book Recommendations

Its Business Time A List Of Warren Buffett Book Recommendations Warren Buffett isnt just known for his business acumen â€" hes also, famously, a voracious reader. In various interviews, Buffett has revealed that he often reads around 1000 pages a day (if I could read at even half that speed, Id no longer be in danger of being crushed under my TBR pile â€" although to be fair, if I had Buffetts billions, my TBR pile would probably be a TBR warehouse). Even at the ripe old age of 89, Buffett estimates that he still spends about 80% of each day reading. As you might imagine from such a prolific reader, Buffett has been happy to dish out book recommendations in the many interviews hes had over the years. Ive condensed all of Warren Buffett book recommendations into one list that will point you in the direction of some great books on business. With suggestions that deal with all aspects of business, from the technical aspects of investing to the life stories of famous business leaders, theres plenty on Buffetts list to sink your entrepreneurial teeth into. Business Essentials The Clash of the Cultures by John Bogle The Little Book of Common Sense Investing by John Bogle Business Adventures by John Brooks Dream Big by Cristiane Correa Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits by Philip Fisher The Moment of Lift by Melinda Gates Stress Test: Reflections on Financial Crises by Tim Geithner The Intelligent Investor by Benjamin Graham Security Analysis by Benjamin Graham and David L. Dodd Poor Charlies Almanack by Peter Kaufman Essays in Persuasion by John Maynard Keynes Take On The Street by Arthur Levitt The Most Important Thing Illuminated by Howard Marks The Outsiders by William Thorndike Jr. Bonus Books Here are a few Warren Buffett book recommendations that fall slightly outside of the pure business model, delving into memoir, anecdotes, history and politics. Nuclear Terrorism by Graham Allison Firefighting: The Financial Crisis and its Lessons by Ben S. Benanke, Timothy F. Geithner and Henry M. Paulson Limping on Water by Phil Beuth and KC Schulberg First A Dream by Jim Clayton and Bill Retherford Where Are The Customers Yachts? by Fred Schwed Jack: Straight from the Gut by Jack Welch The Making of The President by Theodore White Buffetts Books Buffett doesnt just read â€" hes also written several essays and letters, which have been collated into books. The Essays of Warren Buffett, edited by Lawrence A. Cunningham Warren Buffetts Ground Rules, edited by Jeremy C. Miller Beyond Buffett: Other Business Books to Read While Buffett has recommended a large number of books over the years, the majority of them are written by white men. This is perhaps unsurprising, as white men still command a huge amount of privilege in the business world (and the world in general). However, there are many great business books written by women and people of colour that are essential reading for prospective entrepreneurs. Here are a few recommendations: The One Week Budget by Tiffany Aliche The Little Black Book of Success: Laws of Leadership for Black Women by Elaine Meryl Brown, Marsha Haygood and Rhonda Joy McLean Secrets of Successful Sales by Alison Edgar The Multi-Hyphen Method by Emma Gannon Act Like A Success, Think Like A Success by Steve Harvey Beta by Rebecca Holman The Wealth Choice by Dennis Kimbro The Working Womans Handbook by Phoebe Lovatt Year of Yes by Shonda Rhimes What I Know For Sure by Oprah Winfrey If youre still hungry for book recommendations from business leaders, check out the reading habits of another famous entrepreneur with A Full List of Bill Gates Book Recommendations. And if youre really keen to dive deep into the world of business, and find the best bookish resources, make sure to sign up to our tailored book recommendation service TBR, where one of our bibliologists can pair you with your perfect business-related reads. Whether youre looking for ways to start investing, or want to learn about the lives of CEOs, the TBR bibliologists will find the right titles for you.

CCNY, The City College of New York Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

The City College of New York, CCNY, is a  public university  with an acceptance rate of 48%. Established in 1847, The City College of New York is a senior college in the City University of New York (CUNY) network. The colleges strengths in the liberal arts and sciences earned it a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society. High achieving students might consider the Macaulay Honors College which offers free tuition and other perks to admitted students. In athletics, the CCNY Beavers compete in the NCAA, within the Division III City University of New York Athletic Conference. Considering applying to The City College of New York? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, The City College of New York had an acceptance rate of 48%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 48 students were admitted, making CCNYs admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 21,982 Percent Admitted 48% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 17% SAT and ACT Scores and Requirements The City College of New York requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. Most students submit SAT scores, and CCNY does not provide statistics for applicants ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 87% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 510 620 Math 530 650 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of City College of New Yorks admitted students fall within the  top 35% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to CCNY scored between 510 and 620, while 25% scored below 510 and 25% scored above 620. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 530 and 650, while 25% scored below 530 and 25% scored above 650. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1270 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at City College of New York. Requirements City College of New York does not require the SAT writing section or SAT Subject tests. Note that CCNY requires applicants to submit all SAT scores, but will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. GPA In 2019, the average high school GPA of City College of New Yorks incoming freshmen class was 89.4. This data suggests that most successful applicants to City College of New York have primarily high B grades. Self-Reported  GPA/SAT/ACT Graph CUNY City College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to The City College of New York. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances The City College of New York, which accepts fewer than half of applicants, has a competitive admissions pool. Applicants must apply using the CUNY application. CUNY City College wants to see high grades in  rigorous courses  and strong test scores. However, CCNY has a  holistic admissions  process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. You can improve your chances of acceptance by submitting an optional  letters of recommendation and a resume of  extracurricular activities. Note that some majors and programs at CCNY have additional admission requirements. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent students accepted to City College of New York. Most admitted students had a high school average of B or better, a combined SAT score of 1000 or higher (ERWM), and an ACT composite score of 20 or higher. Grades and test scores above these lower ranges will increase your chance of acceptance. If You Like The City College of New York, You May Also Like These Schools Binghamton UniversityUniversity at AlbanyHofstra UniversityBaruch CollegeCUNY Brooklyn CollegeStony Brook UniversitySt. Johns UniversityFordham UniversityPace University All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and City College of New York Undergraduate Admissions Office. CCNY, The City College of New York Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA The City College of New York, CCNY, is a  public university  with an acceptance rate of 48%. Established in 1847, The City College of New York is a senior college in the City University of New York (CUNY) network. The colleges strengths in the liberal arts and sciences earned it a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society. High achieving students might consider the Macaulay Honors College which offers free tuition and other perks to admitted students. In athletics, the CCNY Beavers compete in the NCAA, within the Division III City University of New York Athletic Conference. Considering applying to The City College of New York? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, The City College of New York had an acceptance rate of 48%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 48 students were admitted, making CCNYs admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 21,982 Percent Admitted 48% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 17% SAT and ACT Scores and Requirements The City College of New York requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. Most students submit SAT scores, and CCNY does not provide statistics for applicants ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 87% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 510 620 Math 530 650 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of City College of New Yorks admitted students fall within the  top 35% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to CCNY scored between 510 and 620, while 25% scored below 510 and 25% scored above 620. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 530 and 650, while 25% scored below 530 and 25% scored above 650. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1270 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at City College of New York. Requirements City College of New York does not require the SAT writing section or SAT Subject tests. Note that CCNY requires applicants to submit all SAT scores, but will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. GPA In 2019, the average high school GPA of City College of New Yorks incoming freshmen class was 89.4. This data suggests that most successful applicants to City College of New York have primarily high B grades. Self-Reported  GPA/SAT/ACT Graph CUNY City College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to The City College of New York. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances The City College of New York, which accepts fewer than half of applicants, has a competitive admissions pool. Applicants must apply using the CUNY application. CUNY City College wants to see high grades in  rigorous courses  and strong test scores. However, CCNY has a  holistic admissions  process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. You can improve your chances of acceptance by submitting an optional  letters of recommendation and a resume of  extracurricular activities. Note that some majors and programs at CCNY have additional admission requirements. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent students accepted to City College of New York. Most admitted students had a high school average of B or better, a combined SAT score of 1000 or higher (ERWM), and an ACT composite score of 20 or higher. Grades and test scores above these lower ranges will increase your chance of acceptance. If You Like The City College of New York, You May Also Like These Schools Binghamton UniversityUniversity at AlbanyHofstra UniversityBaruch CollegeCUNY Brooklyn CollegeStony Brook UniversitySt. Johns UniversityFordham UniversityPace University All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and City College of New York Undergraduate Admissions Office.

The Insignificance of Women in Camus’ The Stranger Essay...

In The Stranger, Camus portrays women as unnecessary beings created purely to serve materialistically and satisfy males through the lack of a deep, meaningful, relationship between Meursault and females. Throughout the text, the main character, Meursault, creates closer, more meaningful relationships with other minor characters in the story. However, in his interactions with females in this book, Meursault’s thoughts and actions center on himself and his physical desires, observations, and feelings, rather than devoting his attention to the actual female. Living in Algiers in the 1960s, Meursault originates from a post-modernist time of the decline in emotion. Meursault simply defies the social expectations and societal ‘rules’, as†¦show more content†¦This shows just how little he cared for such matters, writing off the topic of marriage so trivially. Meursault continues on to say to the reader that â€Å"she was the one who was doing the asking and all I was saying was yes.† (Camus 41-42). He justifies his lack of excitement or romance by stating that only Marie asked about, implying that he did not care for having a tight, emotional relationship with his lover, Marie. Marie plays the source of the love between them, while Meursault simply listens and enjoys in the pleasure of having her, but still feeling indifferent to her actual emotions. This downplay on their relationship and her feelings demonstrate that Meursault does not value anything of Marie below surface level and that he lacks the need for a warmer connection between them. Meursault does, however, still crave women as a whole in the same way which he craves, yet disregards, Marie. â€Å"I never thought specifically of Marie. But I thought so much about a woman, about women, about all the ones I had known, about all the circumstances in which I had enjoyed them...†(Camus 77). Meursault’s thoughts wander while he is in his jail cell, but never specifically dwell upon his relationships. In utilizing the word â€Å"I† Meursault links each of his these thoughts to him, solely pointing out each of these â€Å"circumstances† as they affected him, rather than anyShow MoreRelatedThe Insignificance of Women in Camus’ The Stranger Essay931 Words   |  4 Pages In The Stranger, Camus portrays women as unnecessary beings created purely to serve materialistically and satisfy males through the lack of a deep, meaningful, relationship between Meursault and females. Throughout the text, the main character, Meursault, creates closer, more meaningful relationships with other minor characters in the story. However, in his interactions with females in this book, Meursault’s thoughts and actions center on himself and his physical desires, observations, and feelingsRead MoreParental Influence on Clashes with Society in Love in the Time of Cholera and The Stranger1620 Words   |  7 Pages Latin author, Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez and Algerian writer Albert Camus, introduce how their characters conflict with socialization as a result of their cultivation in Love in the Time of Cholera and The Stranger respectively. In Mà ¡rquez’s novel, the key female role is assigned to Fermina Daza, a middle class Latina in the 1800s-1900s, expected to hold prestige and marry wealthy by her father and societal pressures. In The Stranger, Meursault, the protagonist, develops a niche for logic rather thanRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1476 Words   |  6 Pages In the novel The Stranger by Albert Camus, the ma in character Meursault kills an Arab man after the man attacks his friend and ends up in prison, condemned to death after the jury finds him guilty almost solely based on the fact that he was insensitive at his mother’s funeral. While in prison, Meursault has several epiphanies, that is, he has several moments when he feels a sudden sense of understanding about important aspects of his life that help him make peace with the fact that he will die soon

Beowulf and the Tempest-Revenge Free Essays

Revenge Many comparisons can be seen between Shakespeare’s novel The Tempest and the epic Beowulf. One of the strongest similarities is the idea of revenge. Shakespeare’s novel occurs basically in order for Prospero to have revenge on his enemies from usurping his dukedom. We will write a custom essay sample on Beowulf and the Tempest-Revenge or any similar topic only for you Order Now Beowulf’s original monster, Grendel, starts acting out less due to revenge and more out of pure frustration. His death though, causes his mother to act on revenge, killing one of Hrothgar’s trusted advisor, Aeschere, causing Beowulf to kill her for revenge. The dragon got mad about a stolen article and burned down Beowulf’s home in revenge, and so Beowulf went after him. Although they have different motives, both plots are caused greatly because of revenge. In The Tempest, Prospero’s brother, Antonio, with the help of his friends Sebastian and Alonso, took over Prospero’s dukedom. He was then sent to a deserted island with just his daughter Miranda for twelve years. Throughout his time on the island, Prospero continued to delve into his magic books. Along with he gaining new knowledge, he attained a servant Caliban, and an indebted spirit, Ariel. For twelve long years on the empty land Prospero plotted his revenge, something that was made possible due to his newfound knowledge of magic. Finally the day came when his master plan was able to finally become reality. He made a huge storm come, tearing apart the boat that held Antonio, Sebastian, Alonso, his son Ferdinand, and a few others. Ferdinand got separated from the rest and wound up, not coincidently, finding Miranda and falling in love with her. Alonso became distraught thinking his beloved son was dead. Antonio and Sebastian began to plot the death of Alonso. Finally as the novel came to an end, Prospero sent Ariel as a harpy to frighten his brother and the two other men and tell them all they have done wrong. They then were brought to Prospero. Alonso became very apologetic, while Antonio and Sebastian remained uncaring of what they had done. Their fate rested in Prospero’s hands. This was the plan Prospero had perfected all those years, the perfect revenge plot. At that moment he had all his enemies gathered around him. He could’ve killed them or banished them to a foreign land, but he did not. He said, â€Å"The rarer action is in virtue than in vengeance. They being penitent, the sole drift of my purpose doth extend not a frown further. Go release them, Ariel. My charms I’ll break, their senses I’ll restore, and they shall be themselves. (The Tempest, Act 5, Scene 1, 28-33) He had gotten his revenge, they were sorry, and he was content. Beowulf, though, did not start out like this. The monster Grendel was a descendant of Cain. He was forced to roam the Earth an outcast due to his ancestor killing his brother Abel for no apparent reason. He heard celebration going on in Heorot and got mad. He hated happiness and noise and celebration because he hated the hand he was dealt in life. So as revenge for his own hated life, he decided to wreck the party and make others miserable like himself. He continued to do so for a while, scaring all the Danes, even the most powerful. Finally a brave warrior, Beowulf, came from Geatland. He went to fight with Grendel using no protective gear at all. He managed to kill the ravaging beast. The Danes thought this was finally the end of the disaster that they had been hoping for. But it was not. Grendel’s mother was furious with Beowulf for killing her son. She was willing to die in order to avenge her son’s murder. She started to attack everyone. On her rampage in Heorot, she killed Aeschere, King Hrothgar’s most trusted advisor. The entire kingdom was furious, demanding the death of this horrible monster. Beowulf states to the king â€Å"Sorrow not, wise warrior. It is better for a man to avenge his friend than much mourn. Each of us must await his end of the world’s life. Let him who may get glory before death: that is best for the warrior after he has gone from life† (Beowulf 45). He is saying rather than mourning over Aeschere’s death, he should just avenge it. So the brave Beowulf once again came to the rescue. She lived under water so that was where he fought her and the place where she met her bitter end. Beowulf’s final battle was also due to revenge. The dragon had a valuable cup that had gone missing from the treasures. He was furious and ransacked the entire country, including burning down Beowulf’s house. Therefore Beowulf went after the dragon to avenge his lost home. This was his final battle, the fight where he lost his life. Although revenge is a major theme in both The Tempest and Beowulf, their reasons for revenge are very different. Prospero wants revenge in order to get his life back. He was thrown out of his dukedom and onto a deserted island. He wanted his enemies to feel remorse and to gain back his dukedom and that was all. In Beowulf it was very different. Everyone wanted revenge because they were upset and wanted to hurt the nemesis. Grendel was upset with his lineage so he wanted to stop all happiness so he attacked Heorot. Grendel’s mother wanted to avenge her son’s murder so she too destroyed Heorot, including killing Aeschere. Beowulf and all the Danes wanted to avenge Aeschere’s murder so he killed Grendel’s mother. The dragon wanted his treasure back so he raided the country, and Beowulf got angry and attacked the dragon. Prospero just wanted remorse and he was happy. The characters in Beowulf wanted revenge and payback. How to cite Beowulf and the Tempest-Revenge, Essay examples

Object Permanence Example Essay Example

Object Permanence Example Paper The development of object permanence in infancy The study of developmental psychology plays a very significant role in understanding the physical and psychological changes encountered in humans, from conception until adulthood and even death. In infants, several characteristics abound, which are either innate or need to be learnt for the survival of the child as growth proceeds. Gradually, certain changes are observed in the infant as she improves upon her basic skills and conceptual development. These changes are particularly very rapid and involve several variations in behavioural patterns within very short periods. In order to understand the changes, several developmental psychologists have done some important research with a view to understanding the otherwise complicated stage of infancy in humans. Prominent in this study of the child and her development, is Jean Piaget, a Swiss developmental psychologist whose works have been a pivot around which other research into developmental psychology have revolved. Jean Piaget was renowned for his theory of cognitive development, which is grouped into four stages of sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. This paper however sets out to discuss a very important phenomenon in Piagets sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, which is object permanence. It refers to the childs ability to understand that objects exist independently from the child. A child who possesses this ability is able to understand the fact that objects continue to exist even if they are not within her immediate sight (Jean Piaget, 2003). However, certain characteristics abound, which precede the attainment of object permanence in infants. Prominent among these is the solid basis of action. We will write a custom essay sample on Object Permanence Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Object Permanence Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Object Permanence Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In other words, action is the most striking characteristic of human thinking during the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development (Bukatko and Daehler, 2003, p. 274). At the earliest period of this stage, that is, prior to one month, the infants movements occur as a result of reflex activities and not deliberate actions. The concept of object permanence at this stage therefore, is non-existent in the infant. Repetition of behaviours in later months such as nipple sucking and crawling however generates a feedback, which result in another action and another one. Gradually, the infant understands her actions better and is able to use them to generate more goal oriented actions with anticipated results, other than was the case with the reflex, which is more accidental than deliberate. She is then able to differentiate herself from things around her and learns more about them. This significant achievement is known as means-end behaviour (Bukatko and Daehler, 2003, p. 273). It is a very important basis for the development and eventual acquisition of object permanence. The concept of object permanence is a very significant feat in the development of the infant at the sensorimotor stage; therefore, it is studied in its six sub-stages. These sub-stages however reveal distinct features in the development of object permanence. The first of the sub-stages is that of early reflexes. It characterises the period between the birth of a child and when she is one month old. Actions around this time are highly reflexive and the child does not understand the fact that objects still exist on their own when they are no longer in sight. The reflex actions are usually motivated by a biological need, for example, hunger motivates the infant to suck from her mothers breast without being taught (Jean Piaget, 2003). The child between the ages of one month and four is in the second sub-stage of the sensorimotor stage. This sub-stage is referred to as the primary circular reaction stage. It is when the child is only interested in her body and nothing external to her body seems to be of any great significance. At this stage, the child repeats a behaviour, which produces interesting results centered on her body only. As such, the infant conforms to the saying, out of sight, out of mind. An infant of three months, whose toy is taken away, does not go in search of it even if it is only placed behind her and not somewhere far away. As long as the toy is not within her immediate view, it is no longer of any significance as it is consequently forgotten like it never existed. Infants at this stage, just like the reflex stage, therefore, also lack the object concept. The third sub-stage is the genesis of the object permanence phenomenon. It is referred to as the secondary circular reactions stage and is a sub-stage of children between the ages of four and eight months. During this phase of development, there is a gradual development of the object concept whereby partially hidden objects are searched and retrieved by the infant after it has been seen and partially covered from her. At this stage, the infant begins to integrate more with her environment and not just herself and behaviours are repeated, just like in the previous stage. In other words, the infant repeats behaviours, which are external and not necessarily part of her. This ability to separate self from the external environment thus allows for the acquisition of object permanence, which is still at its early stages. The precedence necessary for object permanence at this stage is that the infant sees an object first before she is tested for the concept. If her toy is taken away and hidden partially, an infant at this stage is able to follow the sequence of events and sees a part of it, which then becomes a good clue to the discovery of the hidden object. If there is no part of the toy in view and the infant never saw the toy taken away or drop, it would however still not be possible to go in search of it at this stage. Consequently, the infant at eight months of age commences the stage whereby, the co-ordination of actions is now possible. This stage lasts till she is twelve months old and involves a combination of several events aimed at co-ordination. Activities at this stage include grasping an object with one hand and trying to grasp another with the other hand. Prior to this stage, this action of co-ordination would have been impossible for the infant. The form which object permanence takes in this phase of the development is such that is possible for the infant to search for a completely hidden object and not a partially hidden one like the example with the secondary circular reactions stage. The infant, who had seen an object earlier on, has the ability to search for it when it has been completely hidden beyond view. This is not so with the secondary stage whereby there needs to be a clue, like, a part of the hidden object in order for it to be searched for. The problem at this stage can be referred to as the A Not-B error. Though she is able to search for a completely hidden object, the infant however has not developed the object concept fully and can only search where the object had been initially and no other place; even if she saw it moved to the new location. Furthermore, the infant progresses in the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development by attaining the tertiary circular reactions stage of cognitive development. Here, she tries to experiment with different actions in order to achieve the same result. For example, an infant at this stage would drop a spoon at first, then a fork later in order to listen to their sound. It is characterised by the ability of the infant to follow visible displacements of an object. If an object has been moved from one room to another, an infant at this stage follows the movement in search of the object in the other room. It is however very important that the infant sees that the object has been moved to another room in order to initiate the search due to the displacement. The age range of children in this group is twelve and eighteen months. The most important event necessary for them is that they see the displacement take place, in order to be able to trace it. They are therefore said to possess the ability to follow visible displacement of an object. Object permanence is a gradual process in the development of an infant, which is not achieved in a short while but develops with time. As discussed in preceding paragraphs, it begins gradually at about five months though at its very early stages. The final sub-stage of the sensorimotor phase of development however corresponds to the full development of object permanence in children. It is referred to as the stage of invention of new means through mental combinations (Bukatko and Daehler, 2003, p. 273). This is the period when the child is between the ages of eighteen months and twenty-four months. At the end of this stage of development, the development of the concept of object permanence is completed in most infants. This stage of development is also characterized by the infants ability to imitate peers and members of her family. She is also at this point in time, able to think through potential solutions to little problems. It is this ability to think through that grants her the distinction compared to children of the last stage of tertiary circular reactions. Unlike children in the previous stage, those of this stage of development are able to follow invisible displacements of an object. A toy which has been removed from one room and placed in another, just as was the case in tertiary circular reactions can also be followed and searched for in the new location. The difference however is that, while infants of the previous stage have to see the toy moved to another location for follow-up, those of this stage already know fully that the toy can exist on its own, therefore, they are capable of making efforts to search for it in another location. A child is then assumed to have had a full development of the concept of object permanence. This stage thus concludes the sensorimotor stage of the cognitive development theory of Jean Piaget. Though widely regarded to as a renowned psychologist and founder of developmental psychology, Piagets work in the field has also been widely criticised over the years. He has often been criticised to have underestimated the abilities of young children in his developmental theory. In an experiment by Renee Baillargeon (1987), it was suggested that children possess the concept of object permanence to a better extent than that suggested by Piaget. This experiment was carried out on four-month olds, who behaved as if they understood that an object continued to exist even when it was concealed by a screen. At first, they were made to observe a screen that rotated back and forth over repeated trials, eventually showing habituation of visual fixation to this display. Next, a box was placed behind the screen, which was initially visible when the screen was flat against the table. As the screen rotated away from the child however, the box became hidden from view, hence the introduction of the possible event and impossible event conditions. In the possible event condition, the screen stopped moving at the point where it hit the box and in the impossible event, the box was removed and the screen passed through the space the box would have occupied. Habituation experiments would suggest that the infants would look longer at the possible event rather than the impossible one. However, Baillargeon observed that the infants looked longer at the impossible event, drawn in by the fact that the screen was moving through the space where the box should have been (Bukatko and Daehler, 2003, pp. 279-280). Consequently, object concept was proposed for these four-year-olds, quite different from Piagets proposal. Piaget suggests that the first real notions of object permanence begin at about eight months, when the infant can go in search of an object, which is completely hidden, provided she had seen it before. Baillargeon however also observed that six-and -a half months old children would reach in the dark for an object which they had seen previously (Renee Baillargeon, 1987). This is also different from what Piaget suggests at that stage of development because, objects in the dark can be regarded as totally hidden, yet the child still reaches out to them. Developmental psychology has therefore come of age, with new discoveries, theories and concepts, making significant impacts. The contribution of Baillargeon on the concept of object permanence therefore remains quite significant, without any bias about the existing concept by Piaget. As far as the object concept is concerned, the ages attributed to the development of these developmental concepts such as object permanence remain a controversial issue. Piagets work and consequent theory, though remain the bedrock of advancement in developmental psychology, significant contributions and discoveries such as Baillargeons will continue to go a long way in improving existing knowledge of the child.